" Measures used to lower building energy consumption and their cost effectiveness,"Īpplied Energy, Elsevier, vol. " Economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," " Residential building envelope heat gain and cooling energy requirements,"Įnergy, Elsevier, vol. " Energy impact of commercial-building envelopes in the sub-tropical climate,"Īpplied Energy, Elsevier, vol. " Performance of antisolar insulated roof system," " Experimental assessment of a phase change material for wall building use,"Īpplied Energy, Elsevier, vol. Kuznik, Frédéric & Virgone, Joseph, 2009." Energy rating of different glazings for Indian climates,"Įnergy, Elsevier, vol. " Photovoltaic roofing: issues of design and integration into buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. " PCM thermal storage in buildings: A state of art," " Advanced glazing technology for low energy buildings in the UK," " Passive cooling by evapo-reflective roof for hot dry climates," Ben Cheikh, Hamida & Bouchair, Ammar, 2004.For example, a holistic energy efficient building design approach can reduce the size of mechanical systems compensating the additional cost of energy efficiency features.
Energy efficiency approaches sometimes might not require additional capital investment. Air tightness and infiltration of building envelopes are discussed as they play a crucial role in the energy consumption of a building. Application of thermal mass as an energy saving method is more effective in places where the outside ambient air temperature differences between the days and nights are high. The effects of thermal mass and phase change material on building cooling/heating loads and peak loads are discussed. Various types of thermal insulation materials are enumerated along with selection criteria of these materials. Advances in energy efficient roofs including the contemporary green roofs, photovoltaic roofs, radiant-transmittive barrier and evaporative roof cooling systems are discussed. Performance of different fenestration technologies including aerogel, vacuum glazing and frames are presented. Different types of energy efficient walls such as Trombe walls, ventilated walls, and glazed walls are discussed. This article strives to make an exhaustive technical review of the building envelope components and respective improvements from an energy efficiency perspective. Due to environmental concerns and the high cost of energy in recent years there has been a renewed interest in building energy efficiency. In many of these buildings, the energy consumption can be significantly reduced by adopting energy efficiency strategies. A significant portion of the total primary energy is consumed by today's buildings in developed countries.
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